Sunday, 07 August 2011 02:14

Fluorocarbons: Health Hazards

Chemical Name

CAS-Number

ICSC Short-Term Exposure

ICSC Long-Term Exposure

ICSC Routes of Exposure and Symptoms

US NIOSH Target Organs & Routes of Entry

US NIOSH Symptoms

BROMOTRIFLUOROMETHANE      75-63-8

Inhalation: dizziness

Skin: redness, on contact with liquid: frostbite

Eyes: severe deep burns

Heart; CNS Inh; con (liq)

Li-head; card arrhy; liq: frostbite

CHLORODIFLUOROBROMOMETHANE     353-59-3

skin

Inhalation: drowsiness, unconsciousness

Skin: On contact with liquid: frostbite

Eyes: severe deep burns

CHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE       75-45-6

resp tract; skin; CNS; CVS

Inhalation: confusion, drowsiness, unconsciousness

Skin: on contact with liquid: frostbite

Eyes: redness, pain

Resp sys; CVS; CNS; liver; spleen; kidneys Inh; con (liq)

Irrit resp sys; conf, drow, ringing in ears; heart palp, card arrhy; asphy; liver, kidney, spleen inj; liq: frostbite

CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE  76-15-3

skin

Inhalation: dizziness, unconsciousness

Skin: on contact with liquid: frostbite

Eyes: severe deep burns

Skin; CNS; CVS Inh; con (liq)

Dysp; dizz, inco, narco; nau, vomit; heart palp, card arrhy, asphy; liq: frostbite, derm

CHLOROTRIFLUOROMETHANE     75-72-9

Inhalation: confusion, headache

Skin: on contact with liquid: frostbite

DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE    75-71-8

resp tract; skin; CNS; CVS; lungs

skin

Inhalation: confusion, drowsiness, unconsciousness

Skin: on contact with liquid: frostbite

Eyes: redness, pain

CVS; PNS  Inh; con (liq)

Dizz, tremor, asphy, uncon, card arrhy, card arrest; liq: frostbite

DICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE       75-43-4

skin; CNS; CVS

Inhalation: drowsiness, unconsciousness

Skin: on contact with liquid: frostbite

Resp sys; CVS Inh; con (liq)

Asphy, card arrhy, card arrest; liq: frostbite

DIFLUORODIBROMOMETHANE     75-61-6

Resp sys; CNS; liver Inh; ing; con

In animals: irrit resp sys; CNS symptoms; liver damage

ENFLURANE       13838-16-9

CNS

liver

Inhalation: drowsiness, weakness

Eyes; CNS Inh; ing; con

Irrit eyes; CNS depres, analgesia, anes, sez, resp depres

HALOTHANE      151-67-7

cardiovascular system; CNS

liver; kidneys; reproductive toxicity in humans

Inhalation: Confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, nausea.

Skin: Dry skin, roughness.

Eyes: Redness.

Eyes; skin; resp sys; CVS; CNS; liver; kidneys; repro sys Inh; ing; con

In animals: irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; liver damage

OCTAFLUOROISOBUTYLENE       382-21-8

resp tract

Inhalation: Cough, irritant, shortness of breath, pulmonary oedema, sore throat, irritant. symptoms may be delayed

Skin: Redness, pain.

Eyes: Redness, pain.

PERFLUOROISOBUTYLENE         382-21-8

Inhalation: cough, irritantshortness of breath, pulmonary oedema, sore throat, irritant, symptoms may be delayed

Skin: redness, pain

Eyes: redness, pain

1,1,1,2-TETRACHLORO-2,2-DI­FLUOROETHANE            76-11-9

Resp sys; skin; eyes; CNS Inh; ing; con

Irrit eyes, skin; CNS depres; pulm edema; drow; dysp

1,1,2,2-TETRACHLORO-1,2-DI­FLUOROETHANE            76-12-0

Resp sys; skin; eyes; CNS Inh; ing; con

In animals: irrit eyes, skin; conj; pulm edema; narco

TETRAFLUOROMETHANE 75-73-0

CNS

Inhalation: confusion, headache

Skin: on contact with liquid: frostbite

1,1,2-TRICHLORO-1,2,2-TRI­FLUOROETHANE            76-13-1

resp tract;skin; CNS; CVS

Inhalation: confusion, cough, drowsiness, unconsciousness

Skin: redness, pain

Eyes: redness, pain

Skin; heart; CNS; CVS Inh; ing; con

Irrit skin, throat; drow; derm; CNS depres; in animals: card arrhy, narco

TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE     75-69-4

eyes; skin; resp tract

Inhalation: confusion, drowsiness, shortness of breath, unconsciousness

Skin: on contact with liquid: frostbite

Eyes: redness, pain

CVS; skin; resp sys Inh; ing; con

Inco, tremor; derm; card arrhy, card arrest; asphy; liq: frostbite

VINYL FLUORIDE            75-02-5

eyes; resptract;nervous system

Inhalation: Dizziness, shortness of breath.

Skin: On contact with liquid: frostbite.

Eyes: On contact with liquid: frostbite.

CNS Inh; con (liq)

Head, dizz, conf, inco, narco, nau, vomit; liq: frostbite

VINYLIDINE FLUORIDE    75-38-7

Inhalation: dizziness, drowsiness, shortness of breath

Skin: on contact with liquid: frostbite

Eyes: severe deep burns

CNS Inh; con (liq)

Dizz, head, nau; liq: frostbite

 

Back

Sunday, 07 August 2011 02:12

Fluorocarbons: Chemical Identification

Chemical Formula

Chemical

Synonyms
UN Code

CAS-Number

75638

BROMOTRIFLUOROMETHANE

Bromofluoroform;
Bromotrifluoromethane;
F-13B1;
Freon 13B1;
Halon 1301;
R13b1;
Trifluorobromomethane;
Trifluoromonobromomethane
UN1009

75-63-8

75683

1-CHLORO-1,1-DIFLUOROETHANE

CFC 142b;
Chloroethylidene fluoride;
1,1-Difluoro-1-chloroethane;
Freon 142;
Freon 142B;
Hydrochlorofluorocarbon 142B;
R142B
UN2517

75-68-3

353593

CHLORODIFLUOROBROMOMETHANE

Bromochlorodifluoromethane;
Flugex 12B1;
Fluorocarbon 1211;
Freon 12B1;
Halon 1211;
R12B1
UN1974

353-59-3

75456

CHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE

CFC 22;
Difluorochloromethane;
Difluoromonochloromethane;
Eskimon 22;
F 22;
FC 22
UN1018

75-45-6

593704

CHLOROFLUOROMETHANE

CFC 31;
FC 31;
freon 31;
Monochloromonofluoromethane;
R 31;
R 31 (refrigerant)

593-70-4

76153

CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE

Chloropentafluoroethane;
Fluorocarbon-115;
Freon 115;
Genetron 115;
Halocarbon 115;
Monochloropentafluoroethane;
R115
UN1020

76-15-3

79389

CHLOROTRIFLUOROETHYLENE

1-Chloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethylene;
2-Chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethylene;
Ctfe;
R1113;
Trifluorochloroethylene;
1,1,2-Trifluoro-2-chloroethylene
UN1082

79-38-9

75729

CHLOROTRIFLUOROMETHANE

Arcton 3;
F 13;
Freon 13;
Genetron 13;
Monochlorotrifluoromethane;
R 13;
Trifluorochloromethane;
Trifluoromethyl chloride;
Ttrifluoromonochlorocarbon
UN1022

75-72-9

76142

1,2-DICHLORO-1,1,2,2-TETRAFLUO­ROETHANE

Cryofluoran;
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane;
F 114;
FC 114;
Fluorane 114;
Fluorocarbon 114;
R 114;
1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-1,2-dichloroethane

76-14-2

75718

DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE

Arcton 6;
Arcton 12;
Difluorodichloromethane;
Electro-cf 12;
F 12;
FC 12;
Fluorocarbon-12;
Freon 12;
Eskimon 12;
Freon f-12
UN1028

75-71-8

75434

DICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE

Algofrene type 5;
Arcton 7;
Fluorodichloromethane;
Freon 21;
Genetron 21;
FC-21;
R21
UN1029

75-43-4

75616

DIFLUORODIBROMOMETHANE

Dibromodifluoromethane;
Freon 12-b2;
Halon 1202;
R12b2
UN1941

75-61-6

75376

DIFLUOROETHANE

Algofrene type 67;
Eethylene fluoride;
Ethylidene difluoride;
Ethylidene fluoride;
FC 152a;
Freon 152;
Genetron 100;
Genetron 152a;
Halocarbon 152a

75-37-6

13838169

ENFLURANE

2-Chloro-1-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,2-tri­fluoroethane;
2-Chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether;
Ethrane;
Methylflurether

13838-16-9

151677

HALOTHANE

Bromochlorotrifluoroethane

151-67-7

684162

HEXAFLUOROACETONE

Acetone, hexafluoro-;
6FK;
NCI-C56440;
2-Propanone, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro
UN2420

684-16-2

382218

OCTAFLUOROISOBUTYLENE

382-21-8

382218

PERFLUOROISOBUTYLENE

Iisobutene, octafluoro-;
Octafluoroisobutylene;
Octafluoro-sec-butene;
1-Propene, 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl PFIB

382-21-8

9002840

TEFLON

Poly(ethylene tetrafluoride);
Polytetrafluoroethene;
Polytetrafluoroethylene;
PTFE

9002-84-0

76119

1,1,1,2-TETRACHLORO-2,2-DI­FLUOROETHANE

Halocarbon 112a;
Refrigerant 112a

76-11-9

76120

1,1,2,2-TETRACHLORO-1,2-DI­FLUOROETHANE

1,2-Difluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane;
F-112;
FC 112;
Freon 112;
Freon r 112;
Halocarbon 112;
Refrigerant 112;
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane

76-12-0

116143

TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE

Fluoroplast 4;
perfluoroethene;
Perfluoroethylene;
Tetrafluorethylene
UN1081

116-14-3

75730

TETRAFLUOROMETHANE

Arcton 0;
Carbon fluoride;
Carbon-tetrafluoride;
F 14;
FC 14;
Freon 14;
Halocarbon 14;
Halon 14;
Perfluoromethane;
Tetrafluorocarbon;
UN1982

75-73-0

98088

TOLUENE, a,a,a-TRIFLUORO

Bbenzenyl fluoride;
Benzotrifluoride;
Benzylidyne fluoride;
Phenylfluoroform;
(trifluoromethyl)benzene
UN2338

98-08-8

76131

1,1,2-TRICHLORO-1,2,2-TRIFLUORO­ETHANE

F 113;
FC 113;
Freon 113;
Halocarbon 113;
Isceon 113;
Trichlorotrifluoroethane;
1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane;
1,2,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethan

76-13-1

75694

TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE

Eskimon 11;
FC 11;
Freon 11;
Freon 11a;
Freon 11b;
Freon he;
Freon mf

75-69-4

406906

2,2,2-TRIFLUOROETHYL VINYL ETHER

Ethene, (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-;
Fluoroxenefluoroxene;
Fluorxene

406-90-6

75467

TRIFLUOROMETHANE

Arcton;
Carbon trifluoride;
Fluoroform;
Fluoryl;
Freon 23;
Freon f-23;
Genetron-23;
Halocarbon 23;
Methyl trifluoride;
R 23
UN1984
UN3136

75-46-7

75025

VINYL FLUORIDE

Fluoroethylene

75-02-5

75387

VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE

75-38-7

 

Back

Chemical Name
CAS-Number

Colour/Form

Boiling Point (°C)

Melting Point (°C)

Molecular Weight

Solubility in Water

Relative Density (water=1)

Relative Vapour Density (air=1)

Vapour Pressure/ (Kpa)

Inflam.
Limits

Flash Point (ºC)

Auto Ignition Point (ºC)

BIS(CHLOROMETHYL) ETHER
542-88-1

colourless liquid

106

-41.5

114.97

reacts

@15 ºC/4 ºC

4.0

14 Pa

<19 cc

CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER
107-30-2

colourless liquid

59

-103.5

80.5

decomposes

1.0605

2.8

25.3

0 ºC

DICHLOROETHYL ETHER
111-44-4

colourless, clear liquid

178

-51.9

143.01

insol

1.22

4.93

0.7 mm Hg

63 cc

369

DICHLOROISOPROPYL ETHER
108-60-1

colourless liquid

187

-96.8 to -101.8

171.07

insol

1.103

5.9

0.71- 0.85 mm Hg

 

Back

Chemical Name
CAS-Number

Physical

Chemical

UN Class or Division /  Subsidiary Risks

BIS(CHLOROMETHYL)ETHER
542-88-1

The vapour mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed

The substance decomposes on heating and on contact with water, producing toxic and corrosive fumes of hydrogen chloride, formaldehyde • Attacks many metals, resins and plastics

6.1

CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER
107-30-2

The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible

On combustion, forms toxic gases and vapours (phosgene and hydrogen chloride) • The substance decomposes on contact with water producing hydrogen chloride and formaldehyde • Attacks many metals in presence of water

6.1/ 3

DICHLOROETHYL ETHER
111-44-4

6.1

DICHLOROISOPROPYL ETHER
108-60-1

6.1

For UN Class: 1.5 = very insensitive substances which have a mass explosion hazard; 2.1 = flammable gas; 2.3 = toxic gas; 3 = flammable liquid; 4.1 = flammable solid; 4.2 = substance liable to spontaneous combustion; 4.3 = substance which in contact with water emits flammable gases; 5.1 = oxidizing substance; 6.1 = toxic; 7 = radioactive; 8 = corrosive substance

 

Back

Sunday, 07 August 2011 02:02

Halogenated Ethers : Health Hazards

Chemical Name

CAS-Number

ICSC Short-Term Exposure

ICSC Long-Term Exposure

ICSC Routes of Exposure and Symptoms

US NIOSH Target Organs & Routes of Entry

US NIOSH Symptoms

BIS(CHLOROMETHYL) ETHER  542-88-1

eyes; skin; resp tract; skin; CNS; heart

skin

Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, dizziness, headache, nausea, symptoms may be delayed

Skin: redness, burning sensation

Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision

Ingestion: abdominal cramps, sore throat, vomiting

Resp sys; eyes; skin (lung cancer) Inh; abs; ing; con

Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb, resp sys; pulm congestion, edema; corn damage, nec; decr pulm function, cough, dysp, wheez; blood-stained sputum, bronchial secretions; (carc)

CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER  107-30-2

eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs; CNS

liver; kidneys

Inhalation: burning sensation, cough, dizziness, headache, laboured breathing, nausea, sore throat

Skin: redness, skin burns, pain, blisters

Eyes: redness, pain, blurred vision, loss of vision, severe deep burns

Ingestion: abdominal cramps, vomiting

Resp sys; skin; eyes; mucal membranes (in animals: skin & lung cancer) Inh; abs; ing; con

Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; pulm edema, pulm congestion, pneu; skin burns, nec; cough, wheez, blood-stained sputum; low-wgt; bronchial secretions; (carc)

DICHLOROETHYL ETHER     111-44-4

Resp sys; liver; eyes (in animals: liver tumors) Inh; abs; ing; con

Irrit nose, throat, resp sys; lac; cough; nau, vomit; in animals: pulm edema; liver damage; (carc)

 

Back

Chemical Formula

Chemical

Synonyms
UN Code

CAS-Number

28434868

BIS(4-AMINO-3-CHLOROPHENYL) ETHER

3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether;
4,4'-Oxybis(2-chloroaniline);
4,4'-Oxybis(2-chloro-benzenamine)

28434-86-8

542881

BIS(CHLOROMETHYL) ETHER

Chloro(chloromethoxy)methane;
Chloromethyl ether;
1,1'-Dichlorodimethyl ether;
Dimethyl-1,1'-dichloroether;
Methane, oxybis(chloro-)
UN2249

542-88-1

31242930

CHLORINATED DIPHENYL OXIDE

Ether, hexachlorophenyl;
Hexachlorodiphenyl ether;
Hexachloro diphenyl oxide;
Trichloro diphenyl ether;
Trichloro diphenyl oxide

31242-93-0

107302

CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER

Dimethylchloroether;
Methylchloromethyl ether;
Monochlorodimethyl ether
UN1239

107-30-2

111444

DICHLOROETHYL ETHER

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether;
1-Chloro-2-2,2'-dichlorethyl ether;
2,2'-Dichlorodiethyl ether ;
Di(2-chloroethyl) ether;
Dichloroethyl oxide;
1,1'-Oxybis(2-chloro)ethane
UN1916

111-44-4

108601

DICHLOROISOPROPYL ETHER

Bis(2-chloroisopropyl) ether;
Bis(2-chloro-1-methylethyl) ether;
Bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) ether;
(2-Chloro-1-methylethyl) ether;
UN2490

108-60-1

28675083

DICHLOROPHENYL ETHER

Dichlorodiphenyl ether;
Dichlorodiphenyl oxide;
Phenyl ether dichloro

28675-08-3

31242941

ETHER, TETRACHLOROPHENYL

Phenyl ether tetrachloro;
Tetrachloro diphenyl ether;
Tetrachloro diphenyl oxide

31242-94-1

42279298

PENTACHLOROPHENYL ETHER

Pentachlorodiphenyl ether;
Pentachlorodiphenyl oxide;
Phenyl ether pentachloro

42279-29-8

 

Back

Sunday, 07 August 2011 01:59

Ethers: Physical & Chemical Properties

Chemical Name

CAS-Number

Colour/Form

Boiling Point (°C)

Melting Point (°C)

Molecular Weight

Solubility in Water

Relative Density (water=1)

Relative Vapour Density (air=1)

Vapour Pressure/ (Kpa)

Inflam.
Limits

Flash Point (°C)

Auto Ignition Point (°C)

ALLYL ETHER
557-40-4

94

98.14

insol

0.8260

ALLYL PHENYL ETHER
1746-13-0

191.7

134.17

insol

0.9811

ANISOLE
100-66-3

mobile liquid, clear straw colour

155

37.3

108.13

insol

0.9961

3.72

@ 42.2 °C

475

BENZYL ETHER
103-50-4

colourless liquid; very pale yellow

298

3.6

198.25

insol

1.0428

DIETHYL ETHER
60-29-7

transparent, colourless, mobile liquid

34.6

-116.3

74.12

sl sol

0.7134

2.55

58.6

1.9 ll
36.0 ul

-45 cc

180-190

DIMETHYL ETHER
115-10-6

-24.8

-141.5

46.07

sol

DI-n-BUTYL ETHER
142-96-1

colourless liquid

142

-95.3

130.2

insol

0.7689

4.48

0.64

1.5 ll
7.6 ul

37

194

DIPROPYL ETHER
111-43-3

mobile liquid

90

-122

102.17

sl sol

0.7360

3.53

@ 25 °C

21 cc

188

ETHYLBUTYL ETHER
628-81-9

92.3

-124

102.17

insol

0.7490

ETHYLMETHYL ETHER
540-67-0

colourless

10.8

-113

60.1

sol

@ 0 °C/0 °C

2.1

@ 7.5 °C

2 ll
10.1 ul

ISOPROPYL ETHER
108-20-3

colourless liquid

68.5

-60

102.17

sl sol

0.7258

3.5

15.9

1.4 ll
7.9 ul

-18 F

443

METHYLPROPYL ETHER
557-17-5

39.1

74.12

sol

0.738

METHYL-tert-BUTYL ETHER
1634-04-4

colourless liquid

55.2

-109

88.1

sol

0.7405

3.0

@ 25 °C

1.6 ll
15.1 ul

-28

224

METHYLVINYL ETHER
107-25-5

colourless, compressed gas, or colourless liquid

12

-122

58.08

sl sol

@ 0 °C/4 °C

2.0

1052 mm Hg

2.6 ll
39 ul

287

PHENYL ETHER
101-84-8

monoclinic, rhombic crystals; colourless liquid or crystals

258

28

170.20

insol

1.075

5.86

2.8 Pa

0.8 ll
1.5. ul

115

618

PHENYL ETHER-BIPHENYL MIXTURE
8004-13-5

colourless to straw coloured-liquid

257.4

12

324.42

insol

@ 25 °C/ 25 °C

@ 25 °C

124 oc

TRIETHYLENE­GLYCOL-n-BUTYL ETHER
143-22-6

liquid

278

-35.2

206.3

misc

0.9890

@ 25 °C

143 cc

 

Back

Sunday, 07 August 2011 01:57

Ethers: Physical & Chemical Hazards

Chemical Name
CAS-Number

Physical

Chemical

UN Class or Division /  Subsidiary Risks

ANISOLE
100-66-3

3

DIETHYL ETHER
60-29-7

The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible • As a result of flow, agitation, etc, electrostatic charges can be generated

The substance can form explosive peroxides under the influence of light and air • Reacts violently with oxidants causing fire and explosion hazard

3

DI-n-BUTYL ETHER
142-96-1

As a result of flow, agitation, etc, electrostatic charges can be generated

The substance can form explosive peroxides, especially in anhydrous form • The substance decomposes on heating producing acrid smoke and fumes • Reacts with oxidants • Reacts violently with nitrogen trichloride (NCl3)

3

DIPROPYL ETHER
111-43-3

3

ETHYLBUTYL ETHER
628-81-9

3

ETHYLMETHYL ETHER
540-67-0

2.1

ISOPROPYL ETHER
108-20-3

The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible

The substance can readily form explosive peroxides if unstabilized and explode on shaking

3

METHYLPROPYL ETHER
557-17-5

3

METHYL-tert-BUTYL ETHER
1634-04-4

The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible • The vapour mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed • As a result of flow, agitation, etc, electrostatic charges can be generated

Reacts violently with strong oxidants causing fire hazard

3

METHYLVINYL ETHER
107-25-5

2.1

PHENYL ETHER
101-84-8

Reacts with strong oxidants, causing fire and explosion hazard

For UN Class: 1.5 = very insensitive substances which have a mass explosion hazard; 2.1 = flammable gas; 2.3 = toxic gas; 3 = flammable liquid; 4.1 = flammable solid; 4.2 = substance liable to spontaneous combustion; 4.3 = substance which in contact with water emits flammable gases; 5.1 = oxidizing substance; 6.1 = toxic; 7 = radioactive; 8 = corrosive substance

 

Back

Sunday, 07 August 2011 01:56

Ethers: Health Hazards

Chemical Name

CAS-Number

ICSC Short-Term Exposure

ICSC Long-Term Exposure

ICSC Routes of Exposure and Symptoms

US NIOSH Target Organs & Routes of Entry

US NIOSH Symptoms

DIETHYL ETHER 60-29-7

eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs; CNS

CNS

Inhalation: drowsiness, headache, narcosis, unconsciousness, vomiting, anesthesia

Skin: dry skin

Eyes: redness, pain

Ingestion: dizziness, drowsiness, vomiting

CNS; skin; resp sys; eyes Inh; ing; con

Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; dizz, drow, head, excited, narco; nau, vomit

DIBUTYL ETHER 142-96-1

eyes; skin; resp tract; CNS; liver

skin

Inhalation: cough, drowsiness, sore throat

Skin: dry skin, redness

Eyes: redness, pain

Ingestion: burning sensation in the mouth, mouth and abdominal irritation, nausea, sore throat

ISOPROPYL ETHER     108-20-3

eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs

skin

Inhalation: cough, drowsiness, sore throat

Skin: redness

Eyes: redness

Resp sys; skin; eyes; CNS Inh; ing; con

Irrit eyes, skin, nose; resp discomfort; derm; in animals: drow, dizz, uncon, narco

METHYL-tert-BUTYL ETHER     1634-04-4

Inhalation: cough, dizziness, drowsiness, nausea

Skin: unconsciousness, weakness

Eyes: dry skin

Ingestion: redness, painabdominal pain, dizziness, nausea, vomiting

TRIETHYLENEGLYCOL-n-BUTYL ETHER    143-22-6

eyes; skin; resp tract; lungs

skin

Inhalation: cough, irritation

Skin: may be absorbed, roughness

Eyes: irritation, pain, blurred vision, erosion

Ingestion: cough, dizziness, drowsiness, nausea

 

Back

Sunday, 07 August 2011 01:52

Ethers: Chemical Identification

Chemical Formula

Chemical

Synonyms
UN Code

CAS-Number

1746130

ALLYL PHENYL ETHER

Benzene, (2-propenyloxy);
USAF DO-23

1746-13-0

100663

ANISOLE

Methoxybenzene;
Methyl phenyl ether;
Phenyl methyl ether
UN2222

100-66-3

103504

BENZYL-ETHER

Dibenzyl ether

103-50-4

25013165

tert-BUTYL-4-HYDROXYANISOLE

Antioxyne B;
Antrancine 12;
BHA;
Butylated hydroxyanisole;
Butylhydroxyanisole;
tert-Bbutylhydroxyanisole;
1,1-Dimethylethyl-4-methoxyphenol;
Embanox;
Nipantiox 1-F;
Protex;
Premerge plus;
Sustane;
Sustane 1-F;
Vertac;
Tenox BHA

25013-16-5

557404

DIALLYL ETHER

Allylether;
Diallylether;
3,3'-Oxybis(1-propene);
Propenyl ether
UN2360

557-40-4

142961

DIBUTYL ETHER

1-Butoxybutane;
Butyl ether;
Dibutyl oxide;
1,1'-Oxybis(butane)

142-96-1

60297

DIETHYL ETHER

Diethyl oxide;
Ethoxyethane;
Ethyl ether
UN1155

60-29-7

111433

DIPROPYL ETHER

Dipropyl oxide;
1,1'-Oxybispropane
UN2384

111-43-3

628819

ETHYLBUTYL ETHER

Butyl ethyl ether
UN1179

628-81-9

540670

ETHYLMETHYL ETHER

Ethane, methoxy-;
Methane, ethoxy;
Methyl ethyl ether
UN1039

540-67-0

108203

ISOPROPYL ETHER

Diisopropyl ether;
Diisopropyl oxide;
2-Isopropoxypropane;
Isopropyl ether
UN1159

108-20-3

557175

METHYLPROPYL ETHER

1-Methoxypropane;
Metopryl;
Neothyl
UN2612

557-17-5

1634044

METHYL-tert-BUTYL ETHER

tert-Butyl methyl ether;
2-Methoxy-2-methylpropane;
Methyl 1,1-dimethylethyl ether
UN2398

1634-04-4

107255

METHYLVINYL ETHER

Ethene, methoxy-;
Vinyl methyl ether
UN1087

107-25-5

115106

METHYL ETHER

Dimethyl ether;
Wood ether
UN1033

115-10-6

693652

PENTYL ETHER

Amyl ether;
Diamyl ether;
Dipentyl ether;
1,1'-Oxybispentane

693-65-2

143226

TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL-n-BUTYL ETHER

Butoxytriethylene glycol ButoxytriglycolTriethylene glycol monobutyl ether

143-22-6

 

Back

Page 12 of 122

" DISCLAIMER: The ILO does not take responsibility for content presented on this web portal that is presented in any language other than English, which is the language used for the initial production and peer-review of original content. Certain statistics have not been updated since the production of the 4th edition of the Encyclopaedia (1998)."

Contents

Chemical Processing References

Adams, WV, RR Dingman, and JC Parker. 1995. Dual gas sealing technology for pumps. Proceedings 12th International Pump Users Symposium. March, College Station, TX.

American Petroleum Institute (API). 1994. Shaft Sealing Systems for Centrifugal Pumps. API Standard 682. Washington, DC: API.

Auger, JE. 1995. Build a proper PSM program from the ground-up. Chemical Engineering Progress 91:47-53.

Bahner, M. 1996. Level-measurement tools keep tank contents where they belong. Environmental Engineering World 2:27-31.

Balzer, K. 1994. Strategies for developing biosafety programs in biotechnology facilities. Presented at the 3rd National Symposium on Biosafety, 1 March, Atlanta, GA.

Barletta, T, R Bayle, and K Kennelley. 1995. TAPS storage tank bottom: Fitted with improved connection. Oil & Gas Journal 93:89-94.

Bartknecht, W. 1989. Dust Explosions. New York: Springer-Verlag.

Basta, N. 1994. Technology lifts the VOC cloud. Chemical Engineering 101:43-48.

Bennett, AM. 1990. Health Hazards in Biotechnology. Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK: Division of Biologics, Public Health Laboratory Service, Centre for Applied Microbiology and Research.

Berufsgenossenschaftlices Institut für Arbeitssicherheit (BIA). 1997. Measurement of Hazardous Substances: Determination of Exposure to Chemical and Biological Agents. BIA Working Folder. Bielefeld: Erich Schmidt Verlag.

Bewanger, PC and RA Krecter. 1995. Making safety data “safe”. Chemical Engineering 102:62-66.

Boicourt, GW. 1995. Emergency relief system (ERS) design: An integrated approach using DIERS methodology. Process Safety Progress 14:93-106.

Carroll, LA and EN Ruddy. 1993. Select the best VOC control strategy. Chemical Engineering Progress 89:28-35.

Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS). 1988. Guidelines for Safe Storage and Handling of High Toxic Hazard Materials. New York: American Institute of Chemical Engineers.

—. 1993. Guidelines for Engineering Design for Process Safety. New York: American Institute of Chemical Engineers.
Cesana, C and R Siwek. 1995. Ignition behavior of dusts meaning and interpretation. Process Safety Progress 14:107-119.

Chemical and Engineering News. 1996. Facts and figures for the chemical industry. C&EN (24 June):38-79.

Chemical Manufacturers Association (CMA). 1985. Process Safety Management (Control of Acute Hazards). Washington, DC: CMA.

Committee on Recombinant DNA Molecules, Assembly of Life Sciences, National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences. 1974. Letter to the editor. Science 185:303.

Council of the European Communities. 1990a. Council Directive of 26 November 1990 on the protection of workers from risks related to exposure to biological agents at work. 90/679/EEC. Official Journal of the European Communities 50(374):1-12.

—. 1990b. Council Directive of 23 April 1990 on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms. 90/220/EEC. Official Journal of the European Communities 50(117): 15-27.

Dow Chemical Company. 1994a. Dow’s Fire & Explosion Index Hazard Classification Guide, 7th edition. New York: American Institute of Chemical Engineers.

—. 1994b. Dow’s Chemical Exposure Index Guide. New York: American Institute of Chemical Engineers.

Ebadat, V. 1994. Testing to assess your powder’s fire and explosion hazards. Powder and Bulk Engineering 14:19-26.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1996. Proposed guidelines for ecological risk assessment. Federal Register 61.

Fone, CJ. 1995. The application of innovation and technology to the containment of shaft seals. Presented at the First European Conference on Controlling Fugitive Emissions from Valves, Pumps, and Flanges, 18-19 October, Antwerp.

Foudin, AS and C Gay. 1995. Introduction of genetically engineered microorganisms into the environment: Review under USDA, APHIS regulatory authority. In Engineered Organisms in Environmental Settings: Biotechnological and Agricultural Applications, edited by MA Levin and E Israeli. Boca Raton, FL:CRC Press.

Freifelder, D (ed.). 1978. The controversy. In Recombinant DNA. San Francisco, CA: WH Freeman.

Garzia, HW and JA Senecal. 1996. Explosion protection of pipe systems conveying combustible dusts or flammable gases. Presented at the 30th Loss Prevention Symposium, 27 February, New Orleans, LA.

Green, DW, JO Maloney, and RH Perry (eds.). 1984. Perry’s Chemical Engineer’s Handbook, 6th edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Hagen, T and R Rials. 1994. Leak-detection method ensures integrity of double bottom storage tanks. Oil & Gas Journal (14 November).

Ho, M-W. 1996. Are current transgenic technologies safe? Presented at the Workshop on Capacity Building in Biosafety for Developing Countries, 22-23 May, Stockholm.

Industrial Biotechnology Association. 1990. Biotechnology in Perspective. Cambridge, UK: Hobsons Publishing plc.

Industrial Risk Insurers (IRI). 1991. Plant Layout and Spacing for Oil and Chemical Plants. IRI Information Manual 2.5.2. Hartford, CT: IRI.

International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). In press. Practical Guide for Safety in the Use of RF Dielectric Heaters and Sealers. Geneva: ILO.

Lee, SB and LP Ryan. 1996. Occupational health and safety in the biotechnology industry: A survey of practicing professionals. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 57:381-386.

Legaspi, JA and C Zenz. 1994. Occupational health aspects of pesticides: Clinical and hygienic principles. In Occupational Medicine, 3rd edition, edited by C Zenz, OB Dickerson, and EP Horvath. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book, Inc.

Lipton, S and JR Lynch. 1994. Handbook of Health Hazard Control in the Chemical Process Industry. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Liberman, DF, AM Ducatman, and R Fink. 1990. Biotechnology: Is there a role for medical surveillance? In Bioprocessing Safety: Worker and Community Safety and Health Considerations. Philadelphia, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials.

Liberman, DF, L Wolfe, R Fink, and E Gilman. 1996. Biological safety considerations for environmental release of transgenic organisms and plants. In Engineered Organisms in Environmental Settings: Biotechnological and Agricultural Applications, edited by MA Levin and E Israeli. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Lichtenstein, N and K Quellmalz. 1984. Flüchtige Zersetzungsprodukte von Kunststoffen I: ABS-Polymere. Staub-Reinhalt 44(1):472-474.

—. 1986a. Flüchtige Zersetzungsprodukte von Kunststoffen II: Polyethylen. Staub-Reinhalt 46(1):11-13.

—. 1986b. Flüchtige Zersetzungsprodukte von Kunststoffen III: Polyamide. Staub-Reinhalt 46(1):197-198.

—. 1986c. Flüchtige Zersetzungsprodukte von Kunststoffen IV: Polycarbonate. Staub-Reinhalt 46(7/8):348-350.

Massachusetts Biotechnology Council Community Relations Committee. 1993. Unpublished statistics.

Mecklenburgh, JC. 1985. Process Plant Layout. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Miller, H. 1983. Report on the World Health Organization Working Group on Health Implications of Biotechnology. Recombinant DNA Technical Bulletin 6:65-66.

Miller, HI, MA Tart and TS Bozzo. 1994. Manufacturing new biotech products: Gains and growing pains. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 59:3-7.

Moretti, EC and N Mukhopadhyay. 1993. VOC control: Current practices and future trends. Chemical Engineering Progress 89:20-26.

Mowrer, DS. 1995. Use quantitative analysis to manage fire risk. Hydrocarbon Processing 74:52-56.

Murphy, MR. 1994. Prepare for EPA’s risk management program rule. Chemical Engineering Progress 90:77-82.

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 1990. Flammable and Combustible Liquid. NFPA 30. Quincy, MA: NFPA.

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 1984. Recommendations for Control of Occupational Safety and Health Hazards. Manufacture of Paint and Allied Coating Products. DHSS (NIOSH) Publication No. 84-115. Cincinnati, OH: NIOSH.

National Institute of Health (Japan). 1996. Personal communication.

National Institutes of Health (NIH). 1976. Recombinant DNA research. Federal Register 41:27902-27905.

—. 1991. Recombinant DNA research actions under the guidelines. Federal Register 56:138.

—. 1996. Guidelines for research involving recombinant DNA molecules. Federal Register 61:10004.

Netzel, JP. 1996. Seal technology: A control for industrial pollution. Presented at the 45th Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Annual Meetings. 7-10 May, Denver.

Nordlee, JA, SL Taylor, JA Townsend, LA Thomas, and RK Bush. 1996. Identification of a Brazil-nut allergen in transgenic soybeans. New Engl J Med 334 (11):688-692.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 1984. 50 FR 14468. Washington, DC: OSHA.

—. 1994. CFR 1910.06. Washington, DC:OSHA.

Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP). 1986. Coordinated Framework for Biotechnology Regulation. FR 23303. Washington, DC: OSTP.

Openshaw, PJ, WH Alwan, AH Cherrie, and FM Record. 1991. Accidental infection of laboratory worker with recombinant vaccinia virus. Lancet 338.(8764):459.

Parliament of the European Communities. 1987. Treaty Establishing a Single Council and a Single Commission of the European Communities. Official Journal of the European Communities 50(152):2.

Pennington, RL. 1996. VOC and HAP control operations. Separations and Filtration Systems Magazine 2:18-24.

Pratt, D and J May. 1994. Agricultural occupational medicine. In Occupational Medicine, 3rd edition, edited by C Zenz, OB Dickerson, and EP Horvath. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book, Inc.

Reutsch, C-J and TR Broderick. 1996. New biotechnology legislation in the European Community and Federal Republic of Germany. Biotechnology.

Sattelle, D. 1991. Biotechnology in perspective. Lancet 338:9,28.

Scheff, PA and RA Wadden. 1987. Engineering Design for Control of Workplace Hazards. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Siegell, JH. 1996. Exploring VOC control options. Chemical Engineering 103:92-96.

Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers (STLE). 1994. Guidelines for Meeting Emission Regulations for Rotating Machinery with Mechanical Seals. STLE Special Publication SP-30. Park Ridge, IL: STLE.

Sutton, IS. 1995. Integrated management systems improve plant reliability. Hydrocarbon Processing 74:63-66.

Swiss Interdisciplinary Committee for Biosafety in Research and Technology (SCBS). 1995. Guidelines for Work with Genetically Modified Organisms. Zurich: SCBS.

Thomas, JA and LA Myers (eds.). 1993. Biotechnology and Safety Assessment. New York: Raven Press.

Van Houten, J and DO Flemming. 1993. Comparative analysis of current US and EC biosafety regulations and their impact on the industry. Journal of Industrial Microbiology 11:209-215.

Watrud, LS, SG Metz, and DA Fishoff. 1996. Engineered plants in the environment. In Engineered Organisms in Environmental Settings: Biotechnological and Agricultural Applications, edited by M Levin and E Israeli. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Woods, DR. 1995. Process Design and Engineering Practice. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.